Two nurse researchers are interested in studying whether a pain assessment tool for critical care patients is valid and reliable when applied to a group of patients who cannot communicate verbally due to mechanical ventilation.

TASK
Post your initial response to one of the two topics below. Also make 2 separate comments from the other topic. Each comment should have 1 reference.
Ethics in Healthcare
Post your initial response to one of the two topics below.
Topic 1
Two nurse researchers are interested in studying whether a pain assessment tool for critical care patients is valid and reliable when applied to a group of patients who cannot communicate verbally due to mechanical ventilation. They design a validation study in which randomly selected patients will be assessed using the tool after a painful procedure (tracheal suctioning) and after a nonpainful procedure (oral care). If patient responses result in higher scores after the painful procedure than after the nonpainful one, then the researchers will conclude that the tool is effective for these patients in differentiating pain responses from responses to nursing procedures in general.
• Discuss and draw a conclusion as to whether this study will likely be exempt, expedited, or full review.
• Would the study be considered ethical? Explain your rationale.
Topic 2
Research a historical experiment that impacted or helped shape the development of ethical codes and regulations. The videos from week 1 have already described some of the issues during WWII and Nazi Germany and the Tuskegee Study, avoid using those examples as the ethical issue you select.
• Discuss the experiment and discuss the rights violated within the study.
• Discuss any outcomes or legislature associated with the study.
• What type of consent would have been needed to make the study ethical and valid?